The Influenza A/H1N1 virus is a viral infection that affects the respiratory system and involves symptoms similar to seasonal influenza. Although it is mainly caused by the A/H1N1 virus, various strains of type A influenza viruses may be involved. The first cases were associated with close contact between humans and pigs. This is where the species jump would have occurred: the virus of swine origin underwent adaptations that allowed it to be transmitted between people.
What are the symptoms of H1N1 influenza (swine flu)?
Typical symptoms of H1N1 influenza virus (swine flu) include:
- weakness,
- drowsiness,
- fever,
- loss of appetite,
- muscular pain,
- cough.
Possible complications can lead to more serious symptoms, such as pneumonia.
Influenza A H1N1: how is it transmitted, and how long does it last for?
The symptoms of H1N1 influenza (swine flu) occur after an incubation ranging from 1 to 7 days.
Once the infection has been contracted, adults can transmit it to other people for a period of about 5 days from the beginning of the manifestations, while children are contagious for about 7 days from the appearance of symptoms.
The prevention of complications of the influenza A/H1N1 virus is possible through vaccination.
Influenza A H1N1: what are the possible complications?
Like seasonal influenza, swine influenza can also cause a worsening of pre-existing chronic diseases, such as:
- asthma,
- diabetes,
- heart disease.
Those most at risk are children, the elderly, immunocompromised patients and those with chronic diseases.
Prevention of the influenza A/H1N1 virus is possible through vaccination.
What test should be carried out for the diagnosis of influenza A/H1N1?
The test of choice for the diagnosis of H1N1 influenza is the molecular swab that allows the identification of specific viral RNA sequences starting from a simple oropharyngeal swab.
Detecting the respiratory infection caused by the virus quickly and accurately not only helps to give patients adequate antiviral treatment, but also reduces hospital stays and the use of unnecessary antivirals.
The CSM – Medical Services Centre carries out molecular examinations, also, with a single test, the main respiratory viruses, such as influenza A and Bviruses, parainfluenza viruses (PIV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), Enterovirus, and Adenovirus.
Dr Maria Luisa Casella
